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Title
Valorization of maritime pine wood (Pinus pinaster) waste by vacuum extraction of volatile compounds. Comparison with conventional methods
Authors
ALICE MEULLEMIESTRE ZOULIKHA MAACHE-REZZOUG RICHARD CAPART and SID-AHMED REZZOUG
Received
September 21, 2012
Published
Volume 46 Issue 7-8 September-October
Keywords
Pinus pinaster, volatile compounds, vacuum extraction, steam distillation, hydrodistillation
Abstract
This study is a part of a work on the double valorization of industrial waste from the wood sector. The proposed
process is composed of two-step extraction of volatile compounds and production of activated carbon from the residue.
The innovative aspect of this project is that the first step of the process acts as a pretreatment for the second step. The
presented study concerns only the first step.
Essential oil of Pinus pinaster was extracted by conventional steam distillation and hydrodistillation techniques at
normal temperature and pressure. For the two techniques, vacuum extraction was also performed. Yields of 0.25 and
0.15% on dry basis were obtained, respectively, by steam distillation and hydrodistillation for processing time of 10
hours. For the extraction by vacuum steam distillation, the essential oil yield remained sensibly the same by increasing
processing pressure from 60 mbars (0.24% dry basis) to 200 mbars (0.23% dry basis) and these maximum values were
reached after 8 hours. The chromatographic analysis confirmed that the contents of the main components, such as
caryophyllene and L-fenchone, were more important for the vacuum extraction, indicating a better quality of the
obtained oil. Due to these improvements, the extraction of Pinus pinaster essential oil under vacuum can attract
considerable interest for its application in high-class perfumes, flavours and other formulations.
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