Title
Salt free sulphur black dyeing of cotton fabric after cationization
Authors
MUHAMMAD SOHAIB ATIQ ABDUR REHMAN KASHIF IQBAL FAIZA SAFDAR ABDUL BASIT MUNIR ASHRAF HAFIZ SHAHZAD MAQSOOD and ASFANDYAR KHAN

Received March 2, 2018
Published Volume 53 Issue 1-2 January-February
Keywords cotton, dyeability, sulphur dye, pretreatment, cationization

Abstract
Most dyeing processes need a large amount of salt for dye exhaustion from the dye-bath onto fabric, which ultimately results in the discharge of a large amount of saline effluent, producing threats to the aquatic environment. This research investigates the cationization of cotton fabric, which avoids the consumption of salt during dyeing. Pretreatment of fabric was carried out using a commercially available cationic agent named 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC). Then, pretreated fabric was subjected to dyeing using solubilized Sulphur Black dye. The pretreated fabric presented increased color strength values and colorfastness properties.